Understanding Menopause: The Four Phases
Menopause is a natural process that occurs in women around the age of 50. It is marked by the permanent cessation of menstrual periods and is accompanied by various symptoms. The process can be divided into four phases: Premopause, Perimenopause, Menopause, and Postmenopause.
Premopause, which begins around the age of 40, signals the start of the menopause journey. During this phase, the production of female hormones estrogen and progesterone gradually decreases. This decline continues into Perimenopause, which marks the peak of menopause and occurs on average around the age of 47.5. Menopause, the final phase, is characterized by the last menstrual period and is marked by symptoms such as missed periods, estrogen decline, no formation of follicles in the ovaries, and infertility.
Postmenopause begins 12 months after menopause and lasts for 10-15 years. During this phase, bone density decreases, which can lead to osteoporosis or joint pain. Many women also experience hair thinning or loss, skin dryness and wrinkles, and other symptoms such as hot flushes and night sweats, problems sleeping, joint pain and tiredness, and vaginal dryness caused by decreased moisture in the vagina.
Understanding the four phases of menopause can help women navigate this natural process and seek appropriate care. While each phase brings its own set of challenges, knowledge and support can make a significant difference in managing symptoms and maintaining overall health.
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