Signs of Chronic Atrial Fibrillation: Heart Palpitations, Fatigue, Breathlessness, and Spells of Dizziness
Atrial fibrillation (AF), a common type of irregular heart rhythm, affects millions of people worldwide. This condition, which occurs when electrical signals within the atria become abnormal and uncoordinated, can lead to a variety of symptoms and complications.
Symptoms of Persistent AF
The common symptoms of persistent AF include:
- Palpitations: A racing or irregular heartbeat that can feel like a fluttering or pounding sensation in the chest.
- Fatigue and Weakness: Feeling tired, which can impact daily activities and exercise.
- Shortness of Breath: Difficulty breathing, which may worsen with physical exertion.
- Dizziness or Lightheadedness: Can occur due to reduced blood flow and oxygenation to the brain.
- Chest Discomfort: Some people may experience pressure or discomfort in the chest area.
- Reduced Exercise Tolerance: Difficulty engaging in physical activities due to symptoms.
It's worth noting that some individuals may not experience any noticeable symptoms, a condition known as "silent AFib," which underscores the importance of regular medical check-ups.
Classification and Treatment of AF
The type of AF is classified by the duration and pattern of the episodes experienced. Treatment options for AF include cardioversion, medications such as beta-blockers, ablation, and pacemaker placement. The specific method of treatment you receive depends on the type of AF you have. For example, amiodarone is a more effective method of cardioversion for persistent AF than sotalol, which is recommended for paroxysmal AF according to the British National Formulary.
Importance of Early Detection
Recognising the symptoms of persistent AF is important for determining what treatment would be most suitable and potentially improving quality of life. It's crucial to seek medical attention if you have any symptoms of persistent AF, as early detection can help avoid the development of complications like sinus node dysfunction, valvular regurgitation, or ventricular dysfunction.
Risk Factors for AF
Risk factors for AF include advanced age, male sex, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol overconsumption, obesity, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, and hypertension. Understanding these risk factors can help individuals take steps to reduce their risk of developing AF.
The Heart's Function
The heart, made up of four chambers—the left and right atria at the top, and the left and right ventricles at the bottom—pumps blood throughout the body through the circulatory system. Deoxygenated blood from all around the body flows into the right atrium through the superior and inferior vena cava. Once the right ventricle is full, it contracts, transferring the blood through the pulmonary arteries into the lungs. The oxygenated blood then travels from the lungs through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium and then the left ventricle.
Conclusion
Persistent atrial fibrillation can significantly impact an individual's quality of life. Understanding the symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options for this condition is essential for early detection and effective management. If you experience any symptoms of persistent AF, it's important to seek medical attention promptly.
heart disease is a potential complication that may arise from untreated persistent atrial fibrillation due to the irregular heart rhythm and reduced blood flow.
The science of mental health is increasingly recognizing the impact of chronic conditions like persistent AF on an individual's overall health and wellness, as symptoms can lead to stress, anxiety, and depression.
Proper management of persistent AF should consider the patient's cardiovascular health alongside the treatment of medical-conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and obstructive sleep apnea, as they may contribute to or exacerbate the symptoms of AF.
Regular evaluations and screenings to manage chronic diseases like AF, diabetes, and hypertension are key components of a comprehensive health-and-wellness plan that prioritizes long-term cardiovascular health.
Adopting healthy lifestyle habits, such as maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular exercise, managing stress levels, and adhering to medication schedules, can reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and potentially help manage chronic diseases like persistent AF.
