Mastering Dealing with Egoistic Individuals
Understanding Self-Centered Behaviour: Narcissistic and Histrionic Personality Disorders
Self-centeredness is a trait that exists to some degree in everyone, and dealing with self-centered individuals requires establishing healthy boundaries. However, it's important to note that it's not possible to change a self-centered person, and preserving one's sanity is crucial.
Two specific personality disorders that fall under the category of self-centered behaviour are Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) and Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD). Both disorders are part of Cluster B personality disorders, characterized by dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviour.
Causes
The causes of NPD and HPD are multifaceted. For NPD, studies suggest a hereditary component, with traits such as emotional sensitivity and impulsivity contributing to vulnerability. Early childhood experiences characterized by emotional neglect, inconsistent caregiving, excessive over-praise, or harsh criticism may disrupt the formation of a stable self-view, fostering fragile self-esteem and perfectionism. Insecure or avoidant attachment styles in childhood can cause emotional detachment and dependency on external validation, fueling narcissistic traits. Emotional abuse, rejection, or inconsistent parenting can lead to a fragile sense of identity managed through grandiosity and control. Lastly, societal emphasis on individual success and competitiveness may reinforce narcissistic behaviours.
HPD, on the other hand, is linked to neurochemical sensitivity and behavioural patterns, with elevated norepinephrine activity linked to anxiety, dependency, novelty-seeking, and sociability traits common in HPD. Twin studies indicate a significant genetic contribution to Cluster B disorders, including HPD. Psychosocial influences also play a role, with HPD stemming from early relational experiences that foster attention-seeking and emotional exaggeration.
Diagnostic Categories and Features
Both disorders are classified under Cluster B personality disorders in diagnostic manuals such as the DSM. The central features involving self-centered behaviour are:
- NPD is defined by grandiosity and lack of empathy, with imbalanced self-worth disproportionate to achievements, egocentrism, and impaired interpersonal sensitivity.
- HPD is characterized by theatricality and attention-seeking, with a high desire for attention, exaggerated emotions, and social exaggeration.
Both disorders cause distress and dysfunction beyond just exaggerated personality traits.
In the Workplace
In a work dynamic with a self-centered coworker, it's unlikely that they will change, so focusing on oneself can help avoid frustration. Limiting interactions to positive ones can make things healthier. If one finds themselves in a codependent relationship, it may be helpful to work with a mental health professional. Intrusive behaviour from self-centered individuals can include questioning, manipulation, and using people for one's benefit. Establishing healthy boundaries can make it easier to communicate needs with self-centered people.
By understanding the causes and features of NPD and HPD, we can better navigate interactions with self-centered individuals and protect our well-being.
- In the realm of health and wellness, it's important for individuals to be aware of the signs of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) and Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD), as understanding these conditions can help in protecting one's mental health and maintaining a positive lifestyle.
- Workplace-wellness initiatives could potentially enlighten employees about the importance of recognizing self-centered behavior and the strategies to establish healthy boundaries with self-centered coworkers to maintain a balanced and productive work environment.
- In the context of relationships, understanding the causes of NPD and HPD, such as childhood experiences and societal influences, might help partners interpret their significant other's behavior, fostering empathy and promoting harmony in their relationships.
- As society values both individual success and mutual support, promoting awareness and education about mental health through news outlets and health-and-wellness forums could contribute to fostering a more accepting and supportive environment for those struggling with personality disorders like NPD and HPD.
