Impacts and manifestations of lupus
Lupus, also known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), can have a significant impact on the respiratory system. The disease primarily affects the lungs and pleura, the lining of the lungs, through inflammation and immune-mediated damage.
One common symptom is pleuritis, or inflammation of the pleura, which can cause pleuritic chest pain. This is a common lung-related symptom in lupus patients [2].
Another serious complication is lupus pneumonitis, an acute inflammation of lung tissue. Symptoms may include new shortness of breath and hypoxia, or oxygen saturation below 92%, and prompt steroid treatment is required to prevent serious complications [1][4].
A rare but concerning complication is Shrinking Lung Syndrome, which involves reduced lung volume and diaphragmatic dysfunction, leading to breathing difficulties [2].
Long-term inflammation can cause chronic interstitial lung disease, resulting in fibrosis and scarring of lung tissue, which impairs lung function [4].
Pulmonary Hypertension, or increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, can cause shortness of breath and strain on the heart [2].
Lupus also increases the risk for pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hemorrhage, both of which are serious and potentially life-threatening [2].
Moreover, due to immune dysfunction and immunosuppressive treatment, lupus patients are more prone to lung infections like pneumonia [5].
Chest or rib pain related to lung inflammation or associated cardiovascular issues, such as pericarditis, may also occur and require careful evaluation to distinguish from heart attack or other causes [3].
It's important to note that about half of lupus patients develop some form of lung involvement, making respiratory symptoms a common and potentially serious aspect of the disease [3].
In addition to respiratory issues, lupus can affect various other systems in the body, including the heart, reproductive system, thyroid, and muscles. However, this article focuses on the respiratory system and its complications in lupus patients.
References:
- Lupus Foundation of America
- National Institutes of Health
- American College of Rheumatology
- British Lupus Society
- Mayo Clinic
- The immunesystem, which often becomes dysfunctional in lupus patients, contributes to the development of medical-conditions like chronic interstitial lung disease and pulmonary Hypertension.
- Lupus can lead to autoimmune-disorders such as Shrinking Lung Syndrome, which causes breathing difficulties and reduced lung volume.
- Women's health can be affected by lupus, as it increases the risk for complications like pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hemorrhage, which are of significant concern due to their potential severity.
- Skin-care is crucial for lupus patients, as they are more susceptible to lung infections like pneumonia due to immune dysfunction and the need for immunosuppressive treatment.
