Alzheimer's disease treatment: An explanation and a look at its efficacy
In the ongoing battle against Alzheimer's disease, a cholinesterase inhibitor medication called rivastigmine has emerged as a potential tool for managing symptoms. This article provides a step-by-step guide on the application and removal of rivastigmine patches, along with important advice for their use.
Rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, works by delivering medication steadily through the skin, helping to slow the progression of symptoms but not curing Alzheimer's disease. The medication is available in the form of patches that can be applied to the skin.
Applying a Rivastigmine Patch
- Choose a clean, dry, hairless, and intact area on the back, chest, or upper arm to apply the patch.
- Clean the chosen area with water and mild soap, then pat it dry.
- Cut open the pouch containing the patch.
- Peel the liner off the patch.
- Press the patch onto the skin, pressing firmly for about 30 seconds to ensure it sticks well.
- Wash your hands after application.
It is recommended to rotate the application site daily to avoid skin irritation and to wear the patch continuously for 24 hours before replacing it with a new one at a different site. Avoid using the same area repeatedly within a short period.
Removing and Replacing a Rivastigmine Patch
- Peel off the patch.
- Fold it and dispose of it properly.
- Choose a new application area and repeat the application process.
It is essential to ensure that the application area does not rub against tight clothing, has no open wounds or rashes, and has not had a patch on it in the last 14 days.
Important Advice
- Stay well hydrated to help manage gastrointestinal side effects like nausea and diarrhea.
- Do not drive or perform activities requiring mental focus until you know how the medication affects you.
- Inform your doctor if you experience seizures, convulsions, or significant side effects.
- Patients with kidney or liver disease should be closely monitored during treatment.
Common side effects of rivastigmine patches used for treating Alzheimer's disease include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, delirium, depression, urinary tract infection, and fever. Some patients may also experience anxiety, tiredness, and agitation.
Severe side effects of rivastigmine patches include black, tarry stools, stools containing blood, blood or coffee grounds-like substance in vomit, difficulty or pain in passing urine, and seizures. If any of these occur, seek immediate medical attention.
Other Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Immunotherapy Drugs
Other cholinesterase inhibitors like donepezil and galantamine may help improve quality of life and comfort for people living with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. Immunotherapy drugs like Lecanemab help the immune system target amyloid plaques in the brain, which may play a role in Alzheimer's progression.
In 2022, donepezil patches became available for people with Alzheimer's, offering a similar mode of action to rivastigmine. Brexpiprazole is the approved antipsychotic medication for Alzheimer's in the United States.
In conclusion, while there is no cure for Alzheimer's, medications like rivastigmine can help manage some symptoms and improve the quality of life for those affected. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice on the use of these medications.
[1] Drugs.com. (n.d.). Rivastigmine transdermal. Retrieved from https://www.drugs.com/pro/exelon-patch.html [2] Mayo Clinic. (2020). Rivastigmine (Oral route, Transdermal route). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/rivastigmine-oral-route-transdermal-route/description/drg-20070041 [3] NHS.uk. (n.d.). Rivastigmine. Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/rivastigmine/ [4] Alzheimer's Society. (n.d.). Rivastigmine. Retrieved from https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/treatments-and-medicines/medicines-for-dementia/rivastigmine [5] National Institute on Aging. (n.d.). Rivastigmine. Retrieved from https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/rivastigmine
- Rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, is used to treat Alzheimer's disease by delivering medication steadily through the skin, helping to slow the progression of symptoms without curing the disease.
- Applying a rivastigmine patch involves choosing a clean, dry, hairless, and intact area on the back, chest, or upper arm, cleaning the chosen area with water and mild soap, cutting open the pouch containing the patch, peeling the liner off the patch, and pressing it onto the skin for 30 seconds.
- It's essential to rotate the application site daily and wear the patch continuously for 24 hours before replacing it with a new one at a different site to avoid skin irritation.
- Other cholinesterase inhibitors like donepezil and galantamine, and immunotherapy drugs like Lecanemab, may also help manage symptoms of Alzheimer's disease and improve the quality of life for those affected.
